1. Age ≥ 18 years
2. Histologically confirmed transitional cell carcinoma or mixed histologies containing a component of transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelium with manifestations of progressing regional or metastatic cancer OR non-transitional histologies including adenocarcinoma or 
   squamous cell carcinomas representing greater than 90% of the tumor
3. Patients must have progressed on one and only one prior systemic chemotherapy for metastatic disease.
4. Must not have had prior biologic response modifier therapy
5. ECOG performance status of 0 or 1.
6. Patients must have normal bone marrow, liver and kidney function.
7. No history of severe cardiovascular disease
8. Must not be on therapeutic anticoagulation 

1. Age ≥ 21 years
2. Histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma of predominantly clear-cell histology which is metastatic or locally recurrent.
3. Either no prior chemotherapy or failed only 1 prior cytokine-based or bevacizumab-based therapy.
4. ECOG Performance Status (PS) of 0 or 1.
5. Patients must have normal bone marrow, liver and kidney function.
6. Must not have received prior cytokine or non-bevacizumab therapies
7. No history of hypercalcemia
8. No history of cerebrovascular accident
9. No brain metastases

1. Age > 18 years
2. If registered presurgery: Patients must have primary-intact renal cell carcinoma, eligible for nephrectomy with curative intent. 
3. If registered post surgery: No evidence of residual or metastatic cancer after surgery
4. Must be no less than 3 weeks and no more than 10 weeks from surgery at randomization
5. Patients with no prior anti-cancer therapy are permitted in either the adjuvant or neoadjuvant setting. This includes metastectomy 
   for renal cell carcinoma, or radiation therapy to the renal bed 
6. Patients must have histological or cytological confirmed renal cell carcinoma T1B (Fuhrman grade 3-4), T2, T3 and T4 with N0-2 and 
   must have undergone a full surgical resection (radical nephrectomy or partial nephrectomy) by either open or laparoscopic technique.
7. ECOG performance status 0 – 2
8. Patients must have normal bone marrow, liver and kidney function.
9. No pre-existing thyroid abnormalities

1. Pathologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate based on central pathology review.
2. Patients have undergone a radical prostatectomy.
3. No bone or lung metastases
4. No prior systemic treatment for prostate cancer with hormonal therapy, chemotherapy or any other anticancer treatment. No prior radiation 
5. Serum testosterone > 150 ng/dL
6. ECOG performance status ≤1
7. Age ≥ 18 years
8. Patients must have normal bone marrow, liver and kidney function.

1. Age 18-75, able to informed consent
2. Initiating radiation therapy alone, either external beam or brachytherapy, for localized carcinoma of the prostate, without associated chemotherapy
3. No significant current neuropsychiatric diagnoses or current psychiatric treatment
4. No current immunotherapy or immunosuppressant treatment, hematologic malignancy or other immunologic disorder

S 9346:Intermediate Androgen Deprivation in Patients With Stage D2 Prostate

1. Histologically or cytologically proven diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the prostate.
2. Patients who have already begun the use of combined androgen deprivation therapy with LHRH agonist and antiandrogen may be eligible for late induction registration.
3. Registering institution must us the Hybritech or Abbott PSA assays.
4. Must have an elevated PSA > 5 ng/ml within 56 days prior to registration.
5. Patients with a history of prior neoadjuvant or adjuvant hormone therapy must have received four or less months of hormone treatment. Must not have received finasteride unless treatment was administered for nine months or less. All therapy must have been discontinued more than a year prior to registration.
6. Must not have had a bilateral orchiectomy.
7. Must not have acute cord compression.
8. Performance status 0-2 by SWOG criteria.